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[欧陆风云EU4] EU4: Development Diary 21: Leaders & Mercenaries（将领&雇佣兵）

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发表于 2013-3-1 19:13:58 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

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本帖最后由 zyl910 于 2013-3-1 19:29 编辑

http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/content.php?1326-Europa-Universalis-IV-Development-Diary-21-Leaders-Mercenaries
Europa Universalis IV Development Diary 21: Leaders & Mercenaries
by Johan
Published on 01-03-2013 17:28

Welcome to another development diary for Europa Universalis IV and today we focus on warfare. Yes, you knew this dev diary was coming, didn’t you? It’s really quite difficult to play the game without understanding how the armies work.

Warfare is one of the most important aspects of Europa Universalis IV, and over the almost 400 years of gameplay, armies and navies will be your prime instruments of power when you go to war. You need to be aware of the different units of your armies and their strengths and weaknesses.
So, it is time to build some armies and go to war! In times of war, you will have to raise and maintain armies and fleets, conquer nations and project your power onto the world. You see them standing, moving and fighting on the map.
Battlefield casualties and general attrition will naturally reduce the number of men or quality of ships available to you as you play, but armies will be slowly reinforced and navies in a safe port will slowly be repaired. As you upgrade your technology, you will unlock different types of these units, each with different offensive and defensive characteristics. Some have attributes that favor the attack, some favor the defense, and others are suited for a more balanced approach. Each approach has its advantages and disadvantages depending on your circumstances, and it will be up to you to decide what kind of army you want.

Land Units
Just as in earlier Europa Universalis games, land units are divided into infantry, cavalry and artillery. As you move through the ages, your armies will evolve from men-at-arms and armored knights to advanced musketmen and dragoons, and everything in between. The specific types of unit available to you, and its offensive and defensive abilities, are also dependent on your culture. Asian countries can get samurai cavalry, for example, but you won’t find these guys riding around Spain unless you send them there.

You select your preferred unit type of your land units, as you discover them through technology. This interface allows you to select the focus of your military forces. Each unit you build represents a force of 1000 men.

Infantry will be the bulk of your army. They are your cheapest units, and don’t take long to recruit. Your cavalry are the force you rely on in a battle to hit the flanks of an outnumbered enemy or chase down those that can’t stand against you. They cost about double what an infantryman does. Artillery only become available at Land Technology Level 7 (Limber) and they are most important for their firepower on the battlefield and their effectiveness during sieges.

When you build your armies, keep in mind that an army that is more cavalry than infantry loses the “combined arms” advantage. Cavalry could be very powerful and fast at times in this era, but rarely outnumbered foot soldiers on the battlefield.

In the military menu, you can see four columns with data on the land units. First there is the power, second the ability during fire, third is ability during shock, and finally the number of regiments you have of that category.

Naval Units
There are four types of ships: heavy ships, light ships, galleys and transports. Unlike armies, each construction represents individual ships and have a strength measured in a percentage – a ship at 100% is in perfect health. Ships take damage in battles, of course, but also if they are in the open sea for too long. (This is naval attrition.) Ships only repair when in port.

Each naval unit has characteristics, just like army units. There are no longer any separate fire/shock values per ship type, as a ship-based gun is basically a gun. However, every type of ship has a different number of cannons, and a different hull size. There are also ideas that improve your ships ability to fight, or as we call it, the ships’ power.

The four different ship types have different purposes. Your main battle fleet will be composed of heavy ships (carracks, galleons, etc.). Light ships (barques, caravels, frigates, etc.) have better speed and are OK in a fight but will mostly be used to protect and project your trade power. Galleys (and later galleases and chebecks) are designed for fighting in inland seas and enclosed bodies of water. Your transports (cogs, flytes, merchantmen, etc.) are, as the name suggests, your lightly armed vessels intended to move troops across the water.

In the military interface, ship types have four columns, first there is the power, second the amount of guns, third is hull size, and finally the numbers of ships you have of that category.

Leaders
Any military situation calls for extensive knowledge and leadership, and, for a monarch like yourself, how to choose which of the leaders at your service will serve what purpose in the war you just happened to find yourself in. (Clearly this war is not your fault.)

Though you can always put your monarch or a mature heir at the head of your army, you will hire most of your leaders from the general population. You can recruit generals, admirals, conquistadors and explorers as leaders. Generals and conquistadors, as land leaders, cost you 25 Military Power. Admirals and explorers, as naval leaders, cost you 25 Diplomatic Power. Once you’ve hired a leader, it can be assigned to lead any army or naval unit. As expected, generals are used to lead armies and admirals are used to lead navies. Assign conquistadors and explorers to units you wish to send far away or to uncharted lands – these are the only units that can venture into unexplored parts of the map (those sections covered by a white fog).

The skill of a leader determines how good he is at performing different strategies and tactics in combat. Leader skill is partly related to your nation’s military or naval tradition; countries with a history of warfare will be more likely to notice these talents among soldiers or general citizenry.

The four different attributes of leaders are scored from 0 to 6. “Fire” is their ability to direct the use of gunpowder or missile weapons. “Shock” measures how well the leader is at assaults, charges, whatever happens when ranged combat turns to man-to-man action. “Maneuver” is the ability of a leader to move his troops through land safely and get his forces into the right position for battle. Finally, the “Siege” attribute is most important for quickly taking down enemy cities. Paying close attention to these may be the difference between defeating an army twice your size or getting crushed.

Every leader (except your current ruler or heir) costs one military power each month to maintain. This puts a soft cap on the amount of leaders a nation can have at the same time. This also means that a monarch with low military skill and a poor selection of military advisors could find himself running a deficit in military power if he has too many generals. If you find yourself running low on military power, you can always dismiss your leaders, but this means you lose their services permanently.

Mercenaries
Every country has its own pool of mercenaries which replenishes over time, but the number of mercenaries you have already recruited impacts how many there are available for you. This isn’t an endless pool of soldiers for you to draw from. There are ideas that increase the size of the pool, as well as reducing the maintenance or cost of mercenaries. There are only mercenaries on land – you can’t hire renegade naval forces to fight for you.

Mercenaries do count against your land force limits – they are not a way to get around the costs of having to field an army that is already stretching your budget. But they do have a couple of advantages in certain situations. First, they are faster to recruit, so if you have seen your main force destroyed but can afford to get new men, mercenaries will get you back in the fight faster. Also, mercenaries fight just as well as regular troops and can be led by your generals and conquistadors if necessary. The best part is that they don't cost any manpower to reinforce, so while they fight and die, you can rebuild your own population for a later war. They are a vital part of any nation’s armed forces, and rich countries can benefit from them quite a lot.

ps. And in case you haven′t read this yet:
Paradox Hands-On Special: Master Class – Europa Universalis IV at Strategy Informer
“After crushing their main army, I then had a sudden wave of conscience as I felt bad for betraying my former allies, so I quickly ended the war in exchange for one of the core provinces I needed.”
http://www.strategyinformer.com/editorials/21807/paradox-hands-on-special-master-class

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【EU4】开发日志21——将领与佣兵本渣翻质量有限，但仍是本人劳动成果，所以如有转载，请注明作者jack3454！原文zyl贴了，我就上译文！欢迎来到EU4又一个开发日志，今天我们关注战争。是的，你早就知道有这么一个开发日志了，不是吗？不了解军队是怎么回事便玩游戏是很困难的。战争是EU4最重要的组成之一。在几乎400年的游戏实践中，陆军与海军将是你战争时的主要力量。你需要意识到了解你不对中不同单位的长处与短处。所 ...

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发表于 2013-3-1 19:13:59 |只看该作者

【EU4】开发日志21——将领与佣兵
本渣翻质量有限，但仍是本人劳动成果，所以如有转载，请注明作者jack3454！
原文zyl贴了，我就上译文！
欢迎来到EU4又一个开发日志，今天我们关注战争。是的，你早就知道有这么一个开发日志了，不是吗？不了解军队是怎么回事便玩游戏是很困难的。
战争是EU4最重要的组成之一。在几乎400年的游戏实践中，陆军与海军将是你战争时的主要力量。你需要意识到了解你不对中不同单位的长处与短处。
所以，现在应当建立军队并且发动战争！在战争时，你将不得不召集和维持部队与舰队、征服他国以及保证你在世界上的强权。你会看见你的部队在地图上驻扎、移动和战斗。
战场伤亡和一般的损耗会自然而然地降低军队的人数和舰船的质量。但是部队会缓慢地补员，在安全海港中的舰队会缓慢被修复。当你升级你的科技，你会解锁不同类型的作战单位，诶一个都有不同的进攻与防守特点。有一些擅长攻击，有一些偏重防御，其他的则更加平衡。每种能力的分配都会在不同状况下有自己的优势和劣势，由你来决定什么样的部队是你想要的。

陆地单位

就像以前的EU系列一样，陆地单位分为步兵，骑兵和炮兵。随着时间的推移，你的军队会从重装步兵与带甲骑士进化为滑膛枪手与龙骑兵，以及经历之间的过度兵种。具体的单位种类、它的攻击与防御力，也由你的文化决定。比如亚洲国家有骑马武士，但是你不会发现这些武士出现在西班牙，除非你刻意把他们送过去。
当你的科技发现了兵种，你就可以将其设为你的偏好兵种。军队界面允许你选择你军队的重点。每一个单位代表一支1000人的部队。
步兵会是你军队的主要组成部分。他们是最便宜的单位，而且征召不用花费太多时间。你的骑兵部队是你在战争中攻击少于自己的敌人的侧翼或者追击溃敌的主要力量。他们大概有步兵两倍的造价。炮兵只有在陆军科技7级以后才会出现，他们是战斗中最重要的火力输出与围城时的高效兵种。
当你组织军队时，应当注意骑兵比步兵多的部队会失去“混和部队”的优势。骑兵在这个时代十分强力和迅速，但极少情况下比步兵的数目多。
在军事菜单中，对于陆地单位，你会看到4栏信息。首先是力量，然后是火力阶段、冲击阶段的能力，最后是部队人数。

海军单位

有四种船只：重型战舰，轻型战舰，桨帆以及运输舰。不像陆军，每一条船都拥有一个由百分数描述的强度——舰船完好时为100%。舰队在战斗和长时间航海时会损耗。船只只会在港口里维修。
4中船只都有不同的用途。你的主力战舰会由重型战舰构成（卡拉克，大型帆船等）。轻型战舰（三桅帆，卡拉维尔，快速帆船等）会有更好的速度，并且在战斗中也算能打。不过主要会用来护航和保护你的贸易。桨帆（之后是三桅帆装军舰和小型三桅船）适合在内海以及封闭的内陆水体作战。你的运输船（cogs，flyte,商人等）就像名字所说的那样，运来运输的轻武装舰船。
军队界面中，船有4栏信息，首先是力量，其次是舰炮数量，第三是船体大小，最后是你拥有的这种船只的数量。

将领

军事上的任何状况都需要特殊的只是与领导。作为你这样的一个君主，如何选择为自己效力的将领为自己的战争目的服务也是一门学问。（当然，战争并不是你的错）
虽然你总可以让你的君主和成年的继承人走在队伍的前列，但你将领的主要来源还是人民。你可以招募陆军将领、海军梯度，征服者与探险家。
作为陆上将领，将军和征服者消耗25点军事点数。提督和探险家，作为海军将领，会小号25点外交点数。一旦你雇佣了一个将领，那么就可以让他们领导陆军或海军。将军领导陆军，提督引导海军。征服者与探险家分配到部队后便可送到远方和未探明的地区——这是唯一可以进入地图未知区域的部队（被白色迷雾笼罩的土地）
将领的技能决定他表现的优劣以及会使用不同的策略和战术。将领技能部分取决于国家的陆军或者海军传统。拥有战争历史的国家更容易在军人和人民中发现军事天才。
将领的四项能力从0到6分级。“火力”使他们使用枪支和投射武器的能力，“冲击”是将领在突击、冲锋以及当远程攻击变为人人肉搏时的掌控力。“机动”是将领带兵安全移动和引到部队进入正确的战斗方位的能力。最后“围攻”是迅速攻下敌人城市的最重要能力。
每一名将领（你的君主和继承人除外），每月都要消耗一个军事点数。这样便软性控制了一国拥有将领的数量。如果君主军事能力比较低，而且军事顾问不给力，那么就会发现自己如果拥有过多将领，军事点数会出现赤字。如果你发现你的军事点数比较低，你也可以随时解雇江铃，不过这意味着你永远失去他。

佣兵

每一个国家都有自己的佣兵群体。这些佣兵会随着时间不断更新，但是你正在雇佣的佣兵数量影响你还能雇佣多少佣兵。这并不是无尽获得佣兵的源泉。有一些理念可以扩大佣兵群体，也有一些可以降低佣兵维护费和征召费。只有陆军有佣兵——你不可能通过雇佣来征募为自己作战的舰船。
佣兵会算入你的陆军上限之内——所以你不能通过佣兵来逃脱超过上限的惩罚。但是他们在特定情境下的确有自己的特点。首先，他们征召的速度快，所以当你主力被摧毁，但却有钱的时候让你能够快速恢复战力。而且，佣兵和你的军队一样强悍，并且在需要时可以被将军和征服者领导。最大的优势是不消耗后备。所以他们战斗到死，而你可以为接下来的战争储存人力。他们是任何国家武装的重要力量，而富裕的国家会从中获益良多。